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Antimicrobial use in food animal production: situation analysis and contributing factors

Ziping WU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 301-311 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018207

摘要：

By measuring the quantity and ways in which antimicrobials are used, and reviewing different technical and socioeconomic factors influencing antimicrobial use at farm level, this study discusses the main knowledge gaps in antimicrobial use in food animal production and provides recommendations for future research and policy development. The review reveals that antimicrobial use in food animals exhibit strong regional and species differences, and there are still large information gaps concerning the current state of antimicrobial use. Factors associated with animal health (including antimicrobial resistance), animal health improvement, economic costs and benefits relevant to animal diseases, and potential technological alternatives or alternative systems all have an impact on antimicrobial use on the farm. There is a clear need to resolve the data gap by monitoring antimicrobial use and developing an analytical framework to better understand farmer behaviors under different technical, economic and environmental circumstances.

关键词： antimicrobial use     drivers for antimicrobial use     food animal production    

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Achieving food security and high production of bioenergy crops through intercropping with efficient resource

Yuanmei ZUO,Zhenjiao ZHANG,Caihong LIU,Weina ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 134-143 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015069

摘要： With high rates of food and nonrenewable fossil fuel consumption worldwide, we are facing great challenges in ensuring food and energy security to satisfy the world population. Intercropping, as an important and sustainable cropping practice in agroecosystems, has been widely practiced around the world. Many studies have shown that some plants can deliver high yields when intercropped with other plants. Here, we review the biological mechanisms in improving resource utilization efficiency and illustrate the practical application of intercropping in ensuring food and energy security through improving production. Identifying suitable energy plants for marginal land, land not suitable for food crops growth, is an effective strategy to acquire high production of bioenergy, thus removing competition between the use of land for food and energy. The effective application of intercropping provides a potential pathway for production of food crops and energy plants by improving resource use efficiency and resistance to environmental stress.

关键词： intercropping     food security     energy security     high production     marginal land    

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The role of lipids in fermentative propionate production from the co-fermentation of lipid and food waste

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1686-0

摘要：

● Lipid can promote PA production on a target from food waste.

关键词： Acidogenic fermentation     Microbial community     Volatile fatty acid     Propionate     Food waste     Lipid    

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Accounting greenhouse gas emissions of food consumption between urban and rural residents in China: awhole production perspective

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 357-374 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0763-y

摘要： Food consumption is necessary for human survival. On a global scale, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission related to food consumption accounts for 19%–29% of the total GHG emission. China has the largest population in the world, which is experiencing a rapid development. Under the background of urbanization and the adjustment of the diet structure of Chinese residents, it is critical to mitigate the overall GHG emission caused by food consumption. This study aims to employ a single-region input-output (SRIO) model and a multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model to measure GHG emission generated from food consumption in China and compare the contributions of different industrial sectors, uncovering the differences between urban and rural residents and among different provinces (autonomous regions/municipalities), as well as identifying the driving forces of GHG emission from food consumption at a national level. The results indicate that the total GHG emission generated from food consumption in China tripled from 157 Mt CO2e in 2002 to 452 Mt CO2e in 2017. The fastest growing GHG emission is from the consumption of other processed food and meat products. Although GHG emissions from both urban and rural residents increased, the gap between them is increasing. Agriculture, processing and manufacture of food, manufacture of chemical and transportation, storage and post services sectors are key sectors inducing food consumption related GHG emissions. From a regional perspective, the top five emission provinces (autonomous regions/municipalities) include Shandong, Hubei, Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu. Based on such results, policy recommendations are proposed to mitigate the overall GHG emission from food consumption.

关键词： greenhouse gas (GHG) emission     food consumption     industry sectors     mitigation measures     urban governance    

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Healthy soils for sustainable food production and environmental quality

Xia LIANG, Jizheng HE, Fusuo ZHANG, Qirong SHEN, Jinshui WU, Iain M. YOUNG, Anthony G. O´DONNELL, Ligang WANG, Enli WANG, Julian HILL, Deli CHEN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第3期   页码 347-355 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020339

摘要：

Soil is the foundation for sustainable food production and environmental protection. Created by unsustainable land management practices and a range of social, economic and environmental drivers, soil degradation and pollution have been an ongoing threat to international food security and environmental quality. Soil degradation and pollution assessments are, however, often focused on the soil itself with little scope to devise new soil management approaches that match food production systems and/or environmental protection. This study draws lessons from an Australia-China Joint Research Center Program, Healthy Soils for Sustainable Food Production and Environmental Quality: a research platform that has brought together multi-disciplinary approaches from world-renowned universities and research organizations in Australia and China. To this end, a framework is presented for future soil management in a new way that combines excellence in research, industry and policymakers in a partnership that will ensure not only the right focus of the research but also that high-quality outputs will be transferable to industry and end-users.

关键词： Australia     China     environmental quality     food production     healthy soils    

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Sustainable Plasticulture in Chinese Agriculture: a Review of Challenges and Routes to Achieving Long-term Food

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023508

摘要：

● Macro-, micro- and nanoplastic pollution in agricultural soils threaten long-term crop production and environmental health in China.

关键词： circular plastics economy     crop production     food security     plastic pollution     sustainable plasticulture    

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Impact of food to microorganism ratio and alcohol ethoxylate dosage on methane production in treatment

Yulun Nie, Xike Tian, Zhaoxin Zhou, Yu-You Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0947-1

摘要： The effects of food to microorganism (F/M) ratio and alcohol ethoxylate (AE) dosage on the methane production potential were investigated in treatment of low-strength wastewater by a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR). The fate of AE and its acute and/or chronic impact on the anaerobic microbes were also analyzed. The results indicated that AE had an inhibitory effect to methane production potential (lag-time depends on the AE dosage) and the negative effect attenuated subsequently and methane production could recover at F/M ratio of 0.088–0.357. VFA measurement proved that AE was degraded into small molecular organic acids and then converted into methane at lower F/M ratio (F/M<0.158). After long-term acclimation, anaerobic microbe could cope with the stress of AE by producing more EPS (extracellular polymeric substances) and SMP (soluble microbial products) due to its self-protection behavior and then enhance its tolerance ability. However, the methane production potential was considerably decreased when AE was present in wastewater at a higher F/M ratio of 1.054. Higher AE amount and F/M ratio may destroy the cell structure of microbe, which lead to the decrease of methane production activity of sludge and methane production potential.

关键词： Anaerobic membrane bioreactor AnMBR     F/M ratio     Surfactant     Wastewater     Methane production     Influence    

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Co-fermentation of waste activated sludge with food waste for short-chain fatty acids production: effect

Leiyu FENG, Yuanyuan YAN, Yinguang CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 623-632 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0334-2

摘要： Effect of pH ranging from 4.0 to 11.0 on co-fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS) with food waste for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production at ambient temperature was investigated in this study. Experimental results showed that the addition of food waste significantly improved the performance of WAS fermentation system, which resulted in the increases of SCFAs production and substrate reduction. The SCFAs production at pH 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, and 9.0 and fermentation time of 4 d was respectively 5022.7, 6540.5, 8236.6, and 7911.7 mg COD·L , whereas in the blank tests (no pH adjustment, pH 8.0 (blank test 1), no food waste addition, pH 8.0 (blank test 2), and no WAS addition (blank test 3)) it was only 1006.9, 971.1, and 1468.5 mg COD·L , respectively. The composition of SCFAs at pH from 6.0 to 9.0 was also different from other conditions and propionic acid was the most prevalent SCFA, which was followed by acetic and n-butyric acids, while acetic acid was the top product under other conditions. At pH 8.0 a higher volatile suspended solids (VSS) reduction of 16.6% for the mixture of WAS and food waste than the sole WAS indicated a synergistic effect existing in fermentation system with WAS and food waste. The influence of pH on the variations of nutrient content was also studied during anaerobic fermentation of the mixture of WAS and food waste at different pH conditions. The release of increased with fermentation time at all pH values investigated except 4.0, 5.0 and in blank test one. The concentrations of soluble phosphorus at acidic pHs and in the blank test one were higher than those obtained at alkaline pHs. Ammonia and phosphorus need to be removed before the SCFAs-enriched fermentation liquid from WAS and food waste was used as the carbon source.

关键词： waste activated sludge (WAS)     food waste     co-fermentation     short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)     pH     synergistic effect    

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SUSTAINABLE PLANT PEST MANAGEMENT THROUGH OPTIMIZATION AND MINIMIZATION

Plant Production and Protection Division (NSP), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 161-166 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021426

摘要：

Plant pests and diseases have significant negative impacts on global food security, world trade and rural livelihoods. Climate change exacerbates these impacts in certain parts of the world. Overreliance on pesticides as the primary tool for plant pest management leads to problems such as pesticide resistance and pest resurgence. Environmental and food safety concerns are also associated with overuse of pesticides in crop production. There is clearly a need for a shift in pest management strategies and practices globally. Optimization of structures and functions in crop production agroecosystems through soil conservation practices and cropping diversification can improve pest regulation services provided in the systems. Prioritization of safer alternatives and practices in the IPM pyramid, such as resistant varieties and biopesticides, helps minimize the use of potentially risky agricultural inputs such as synthetic pesticides. Investment is needed to boost the development of innovative green technologies and practices. Production, distribution, use and regulatory capacities need to be strengthened to facilitate large-scale adoption of green technologies and practices. Finally, policy, financial and market instruments should be wielded to provide an enabling environment for the transformation to sustainable plant pest and disease management strategies and practices worldwide.

 

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A potential solution for food security in Kenya: implications of the Quzhou model in China

Xiaoqiang JIAO, Jianbo SHEN, Fusuo ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第7卷 第4期   页码 406-417 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020359

摘要： Poor soil fertility due to low nutrient inputs is a major factor limiting grain production in Kenya. Increasing soil fertility for crop productivity in China has implications for food security in Kenya. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the historical patterns of grain production, nutrient inputs, soil fertility and policies in Quzhou, a typical agricultural county on the North China Plain, and to compare grain production in Quzhou County and Kenya to identify a potential approach for increasing grain production in Kenya. Grain yields in Quzhou increased from 1 to 3 t·ha between 1961 and 1987 by increasing manure application accompanied by small amounts of chemical fertilizer after soil desalinization. There was a further increase from 3 to 5 t·ha up to 1996 which can be mainly attributed to chemical fertilizer use and policy support. Hence, a beneficial cycle between soil fertility and plant growth in Quzhou grain production was developed and strengthened. In contrast, there was only a slight increase in grain yields in Kenya over this period, resulting from low soil fertility with limited external nutrient inputs, a consequence of poor socioeconomic development. It is suggested that grain yields in Kenya would likely be boosted by the development of a self-reinforcing cycling between soil fertility and plant growth with manure and chemical fertilizer use if supported by policy and socioeconomic development.

关键词： China     grain production     Kenya     soil fertility    

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Air pollution affects food security in China: taking ozone as an example

Zhaozhong FENG,Xuejun LIU,Fusuo ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 152-158 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015067

摘要： Air pollution is becoming an increasingly important environmental concern due to its visible negative impact on human health. However, air pollution also affects agricultural crops or food security directly or indirectly, which has not so far received sufficient attention. In this overview, we take ozone (O ) as an example to analyze the principles and extent of the impact of air pollution on food security in China based on a review of the literature. Current O pollution shows a clear negative impact on food security, causing around a 10% yield decrease for major cereal crops according to a large number of field studies around the world. The mean yield decrease of winter wheat is predicted to be up to 20% in China, based on the projection of future ground-level O concentration in 2020, if no pollution control measures are implemented. Strict mitigation of NO and VOC (two major precursors of O ) emissions is crucial for reducing the negative impacts of ground-level O on food security. Breeding new crop cultivars with tolerance to high ground-level O should receive serious consideration in future research programs. In addition, integrated soil-crop system management will be an important option to mitigate the negative effects of elevated ground-level O on cereal crop production and food quality.

关键词： air pollution     ozone damage     anthropogenic activity     crop production     mitigation of reactive N emission    

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TRANSFORMATION OF AGRICULTURE ON THE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA TOWARD GREEN DEVELOPMENT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 491-500 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021428

摘要：

Loess Plateau of China is a typical dryland agricultural area. Agriculture there has transformed from food shortage toward green development over the past seven decades, and has achieved world-renowned achievements. During 1950–1980, the population increased from 42 to 77 million, increasing grain production to meet food demand of rapid population growth was the greatest challenge. Engineering measures such as terracing and check-dam were the crucial strategies to increase crop production. From 1981 to 2000, most of agronomic measures played a key role in increasing crops yield, and a series of policy support has benefited millions of smallholders. As expected, these measures and policies greatly increased crop production and basically achieved food security; but, low per capita GDP (only about 620 USD in 2000) was still a big challenge. During 2001–2015, the increase in agricultural and non-agricultural income together supported the increase in farmer income to 5781 USD·yr–1. Intensive agriculture that relies heavily on chemicals increased crop productivity by 56%. Steadfast policy support such as “Grain for Green Program” had an overwhelming advantage in protecting the natural ecological environment. In the new era, the integration of science and technology innovations, policy support and positive societal factors will be the golden key to further improve food production, protect environment, and increase smallholder income. 

 

关键词： agronomic technologies     economic returns     education     environmental cost     food production     government policy    

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全面终止人用抗微生物药物在动物源性食品生产链中的使用 Views & Comments

Timothy R. Walsh

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第15卷 第8期   页码 9-10 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.008

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“双循环”背景下国家粮食安全战略研究

闫琰,王秀东,王济民,梅旭荣,唐华俊,吴孔明

《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第4期   页码 14-25 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.04.001

摘要： major research fields include drylend water saving agriculture in Northern China, water resource and food

关键词： 双循环；粮食安全；粮食产能；绿色低碳；种养循环；新型蛋白饲料    

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现代农业转型发展与食物安全供求趋势研究

黄季焜,王济民,解伟,王晓兵,侯玲玲,周慧,盛誉,刘旭

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第5期   页码 1-9 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.015

摘要：

在全球背景下厘清我国未来农业转型方向、生产方式转变路径和食物供求变动趋势，提出现代农业转型发展战略和政策建议。我国农业发展面临着六大挑战，应深入推进农业供给侧结构性改革，优化产品产业结构，改善农产品供求结构，提升农产品质量安全水平。通过大样本农户调研数据分析发现，应不断完善土地流转市场和社会化服务体系来保障现代农业转型发展。面向2035 年的农业生产结构调整预测表明，我国农产品的供需失衡现象将趋向突出：饲料自给率将继续下降，食糖和食油的需求缺口将逐渐扩大，畜产品生产和供需缺口将取决于饲料粮贸易政策和草牧业发展政策，但蔬菜和水果依然保持一定的比较优势。

关键词： 农业生产结构     食物安全     供给     需求    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Antimicrobial use in food animal production: situation analysis and contributing factors

Ziping WU

期刊论文

Achieving food security and high production of bioenergy crops through intercropping with efficient resource

Yuanmei ZUO,Zhenjiao ZHANG,Caihong LIU,Weina ZHANG

期刊论文

The role of lipids in fermentative propionate production from the co-fermentation of lipid and food waste

期刊论文

Accounting greenhouse gas emissions of food consumption between urban and rural residents in China: awhole production perspective

期刊论文

Healthy soils for sustainable food production and environmental quality

Xia LIANG, Jizheng HE, Fusuo ZHANG, Qirong SHEN, Jinshui WU, Iain M. YOUNG, Anthony G. O´DONNELL, Ligang WANG, Enli WANG, Julian HILL, Deli CHEN

期刊论文

Sustainable Plasticulture in Chinese Agriculture: a Review of Challenges and Routes to Achieving Long-term Food

期刊论文

Impact of food to microorganism ratio and alcohol ethoxylate dosage on methane production in treatment

Yulun Nie, Xike Tian, Zhaoxin Zhou, Yu-You Li

期刊论文

Co-fermentation of waste activated sludge with food waste for short-chain fatty acids production: effect

Leiyu FENG, Yuanyuan YAN, Yinguang CHEN

期刊论文

SUSTAINABLE PLANT PEST MANAGEMENT THROUGH OPTIMIZATION AND MINIMIZATION

Plant Production and Protection Division (NSP), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

期刊论文

A potential solution for food security in Kenya: implications of the Quzhou model in China

Xiaoqiang JIAO, Jianbo SHEN, Fusuo ZHANG

期刊论文

Air pollution affects food security in China: taking ozone as an example

Zhaozhong FENG,Xuejun LIU,Fusuo ZHANG

期刊论文

TRANSFORMATION OF AGRICULTURE ON THE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA TOWARD GREEN DEVELOPMENT

期刊论文

全面终止人用抗微生物药物在动物源性食品生产链中的使用

Timothy R. Walsh

期刊论文

“双循环”背景下国家粮食安全战略研究

闫琰,王秀东,王济民,梅旭荣,唐华俊,吴孔明

期刊论文

现代农业转型发展与食物安全供求趋势研究

黄季焜,王济民,解伟,王晓兵,侯玲玲,周慧,盛誉,刘旭

期刊论文